### shahidul_brur's blog

By shahidul_brur, 9 months ago, ,

The following problem is from the preliminary contest of ACM-ICPC Dhaka Site 2016.

[Time Limit: 1s and Memory Limit: 1200MB]

## Problem Statement:

Given a tree with N( <  = 105) nodes, where value of each node can be either 0 or 1. How many number ways to choose two node where value of these two nodes is 0 and there are exactly two nodes with value equal to 1 on the path from a chosen node to another.

## Sample Input:

5 // value of N

0 1 1 0 0 // value of each node, then the below are the edges

1 2

2 3

3 4

4 5

## Output:

4

#### Explanation of Sample Test Case:

You can choose two nodes as (1, 4), (1, 5), (4, 1), (5, 1).

## My question is:

1. How to solve this problem using centroid decomposition?
2. How to solve this problem using DP?

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 » 9 months ago, # | ← Rev. 2 →   +20 Use centroid decomposition) If your current centroid — v, and you dfs to u from v, there three case: 1) On path (v,u) there 2 nodes with value 1. Then you want chose any node, which is already dfsed from v, and on path between this node and v there 0 nodes with value 1. 2) On path (v,u) there 1 node with value 1. Then you want chose any node, which is already dfsed from v, and on path between this node and v there 1 node with value 1. 3) On path (v,u) there 0 nodes with value 1. Then you want chose any node, which is already dfsed from v, and on path between this node and v there 2 nodes with value 1.And sorry for my english)
 » 9 months ago, # | ← Rev. 3 →   +8 Root the tree at an arbitrary node. Define DP state like this — dp[u][x] = how many x distance nodes (from u) with value 0 are there in subtree of u By distance I mean number of 1's in the path. Also note that we don't need to know any answer for x > 2. You can calculate these values easily by a dfs.So we are done with all chains hanging down. Only thing left is to cross chains. To combine results, you can divide in two cases — Current node has value 1 — Then you can choose some 1 distance node from a subtree and 0 distance nodes from all other subtree. Or you can choose 0 distance node from a subtree and 1 distance node from all other subtree. Current node has value 0 — Then choose i-distance nodes from one subtree and 2 - i distance nodes from other subtree, . You may need to adjust the final answer, depends on the way you implement it.