A trick for some DP-Tree problems

Revision en5, by DeadlyCritic, 2020-04-17 03:41:57

Hi, Its 4AM here and i cant sleep so i brought you a nice trick and couple of problems to practice the trick.

Introduction

(Our dp change if we change root of the tree, otherwise it wont make any sens to use this trick) Lets say we want to find $$$dp_v$$$ for every vertex in a tree, this dp must be updated using the children of vertex $$$v$$$(probable the trick still works if we can update $$$dp_v$$$ from its parent), and it works in $$$O(T)$$$ to calculate it. Also this trick will be meaning full if we want to calculate $$$val_r$$$ for every $$$r$$$, $$$val_r$$$ is equal to $$$dp_r$$$ when $$$r$$$ is the root of the tree(i hope you understand what i said). Say that the dp works in $$$O(T)$$$ time, then the trick allows you to calculate $$$val_r$$$ in $$$O(T+n)$$$.

Implementation

First calculate dp for a random root $$$rat$$$. Its obvious that if we change root $$$r$$$ to one of its adjacent vertex $$$v$$$, then only $$$dp_r$$$ and $$$dp_v$$$ can change, so that we can update $$$dp_r$$$ using its new children and also $$$dp_v$$$ can be updated the same way. Now being able to move the root with distance one, we will run a dfs from $$$rat$$$, and move the root with dfs and store $$$val_v$$$, i hope the last part wasn't as bad as i think is, my poor English don't allow me to write it in words, so i'll -write it in codes :).

See the semi-code below :

Semi-code

Applications

It will be added soon including a fairly complete solution using this trick for every application, its about 4:45 AM here :). thanks for your attention.

Tags #dp, tree_dp, trick, #dfs and similar, rerooting technique, persistent structures, persistent, #data structure

History

 
 
 
 
Revisions
 
 
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en48 English DeadlyCritic 2022-01-09 07:09:59 258 Tiny change: 'n\n[link](codeforces' -> 'n\n[link](https://codeforces'
en47 English DeadlyCritic 2020-07-06 21:41:48 231
en46 English DeadlyCritic 2020-05-24 09:45:09 756
en45 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-19 17:30:36 139
en44 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-19 00:20:52 72
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en42 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-19 00:10:39 218
en41 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-19 00:04:22 56
en40 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-19 00:02:14 38
en39 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-19 00:00:38 10 Tiny change: 'this will calculate move the ' -> 'this will move the '
en38 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 23:59:56 15
en37 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 23:58:30 9
en36 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 23:56:03 2 Tiny change: 'ry edge($v\tou$) find $' -> 'ry edge($v \to u$) find $'
en35 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 18:32:50 66
en34 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 18:30:04 4 Tiny change: 'ry edge($v$ \to $u$) find $' -> 'ry edge($v\tou$) find $'
en33 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 18:29:17 1 Tiny change: '$O(log_2n) for binar' -> '$O(log_2n)$ for binar'
en32 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 18:19:01 86
en31 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-18 18:16:23 8999
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en25 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 23:52:30 238
en24 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 23:37:39 77
en23 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 23:35:38 34 Tiny change: 'e problems, the implementation will be added.\n\nThank' -> 'e problems.\n\nThank'
en22 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 23:35:11 1642
en21 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 19:02:21 4
en20 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 15:27:10 13
en19 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 14:56:11 307 Tiny change: 'nd $u$$(u != v)$ what ' -> 'nd $u$$(u \ne v)$ what '
en18 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 14:47:28 1599
en17 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 12:42:25 3 Tiny change: '/abc160_f)\n///i cant o' -> '/abc160_f)//i cant o'
en16 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 12:41:50 110
en15 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 12:39:01 18 Tiny change: 'e way.\n\n$\binom{4}{2}$\n\n*Note:' -> 'e way.\n\n*Note:'
en14 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 12:38:07 252 Tiny change: 'e way.\n\n*Note:' -> 'e way.\n\n$\binom{4}{2}$\n\n*Note:'
en13 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 12:27:58 284
en12 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 12:16:32 290
en11 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 05:05:12 147
en10 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 05:01:51 94
en9 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 04:46:45 66 Tiny change: 'tions\n\n[halo](https://' -> 'tions\n\n[Tree Painting](https://'
en8 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:54:24 601
en7 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:46:53 20 Tiny change: ' Hi,\n Its 4AM ' -> ' Hi,\n Its 4AM '
en6 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:43:46 20
en5 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:41:57 12 Tiny change: 'low me to right it in wor' -> 'low me to --right-- write it in wor'
en4 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:11:25 35
en3 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:08:14 2 Tiny change: 'rks in $O(t)$ to calc' -> 'rks in $O(T)$ to calc'
en2 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:07:48 156 (published)
en1 English DeadlyCritic 2020-04-17 03:05:35 2061 Initial revision (saved to drafts)