ilyakrasnovv's blog

By ilyakrasnovv, 21 month(s) ago, translation, In English

Hello, Сodeforces!

We are very grateful for Your participation in our round.

Thanks to Qwerty1232 for the help with this editorial.

1715A - Crossmarket

Advice #0
Hint #1
Hint #2
Hint #3
Solution

1715B - Beautiful Array

Hint #1
Hint #2
Hint #3
Solution

1715C - Monoblock

Hint #1
Hint #2
Hint #3
Solution

1715D - 2+ doors

Hint #1
Hint #2
Hint #3
Solution

1715E - Long Way Home

Hint 1
Hint 2
Hint 3
Solution

1715F - Crop Squares

Advice #0
Hint #1
Hint #2
Hint #3
Solution
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19 months ago, # |
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TLE on D T.T

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19 months ago, # |
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Trash contest

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19 months ago, # |
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Wow, such a fast tutorial!

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19 months ago, # |
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One of the best C

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    For experts or higher I guess

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    I don't think Monoblock's company is having many sales with such a complicated captcha.

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19 months ago, # |
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Thanks for the really nice contest and also the editorial:)

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19 months ago, # |
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Though I couldn't perform as well as I expected, the contest and the problems were interesting :)

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19 months ago, # |
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I think convex hull trick is too complicated for div2 E, please don't add such tasks

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    You can also do it with D&C dp, I think this was a nice question. You learn these tricks but there aren't many "easy" questions on them because they are generally reserved for harder problems with more observation. This was a simple application and personally I got a nice Aha moment when realising I could use D&C, imo this way you get a chance to build an intuition for them

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    my hands finally knows about CHT by this task

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19 months ago, # |
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You can also solve E using Divide and Conquer DP because of the square cost function

My submission

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    can you elaborate on the divide and conquer dp?

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      19 months ago, # ^ |
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      The objective of the D&C was to calculate the minimum distance after a flight(assuming the flight just landed at some point), so you have a set of distances you got from dijkstra in $$$dp$$$_$$$old$$$, then you calculate post flight distance for $$$i$$$, aka $$$dp$$$_$$$new[i]$$$ as $$$min_j (dp$$$_$$$old[j] + (i-j)^2) $$$

      I divided this up into two parts
      $$$min_{j<i} (dp$$$_$$$old[j] + (i-j)^2)$$$
      $$$min_{j>i} (dp$$$_$$$old[j] + (i-j)^2)$$$

      Both of these are what I solved using D&C DP, followed by more Dijkstra to calculate travel via roads

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        19 months ago, # ^ |
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        nice get the divide and conquer now,

        using the optimal to cut up the array was cool wouldn't have thought of that

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        19 months ago, # ^ |
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        Can you elaborate how to solve one of those partial minimums? I was able to do that only with some crazy math.

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          19 months ago, # ^ |
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          Let $$$opt[i]$$$ be the index $$$j, j<i$$$ which gave the minimum value of $$$dp[j] + (i-j)^2$$$, then Divide and Conquer DP works iff $$$x < y$$$ implies that $$$opt[x] < opt[y]$$$, which you can see is the case here with some light maths. What you do is, if you want to calculate $$$dp[l]$$$ to $$$dp[r]$$$, let $$$mid$$$ be the middle point, you calculate $$$dp[mid]$$$ and $$$opt[mid]$$$ in $$$O(r-l)$$$, and once you calculate $$$opt[mid]$$$, it reduces the range you need to search for the rest of the elements, then you recursively do this calculate $$$dp[mid]$$$ and $$$opt[mid]$$$ for the segments that are left and right of $$$mid$$$.

          This was very brief but you can read more about Divide and Conquer DP here

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19 months ago, # |
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Can someone explain the Convex Hull Trick mentioned in E? I can't figure a way to calculate the minimum for each node without iterating over all other nodes to get $$$d_{new}[v]$$$

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    Its a somewhat advanced DP optimisation trick that allows you to optimise dp of the type $$$dp[i] = max_{j<i} dp[j] + cost(j, i)$$$ from $$$O(n^2)$$$ to $$$O(n log(n))$$$ by looking at each of the previously computed DP values as lines with decreasing slopes. You can find tutorial videos online, this is where I personally learned it

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    You can also use Li Chao tree (it is just advanced segment tree) Both are data structures that allows you to find minimum/maximum of linear functions' values in O(log(n))

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19 months ago, # |
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For D, another solution is to simply build the answer from left to right, choosing the minimum value of $$$a_i$$$ each time.

To do this, first we need to restrict which bit of each $$$a_i$$$ can be $$$1$$$. This can easily be done by looping through all the condition $$$(i, j, x)$$$:

  • If the $$$k$$$-th bit is $$$0$$$ in $$$x$$$, then it must be $$$0$$$ in both $$$a_i$$$ and $$$a_j$$$.

Let call $$$allowed_i$$$ the number that has all allowed 1-bit of $$$a_i$$$, then we can see that $$$a_i = allowed_i$$$ is a solution to the conditions, and for all solution, $$$a_i$$$ is a submask of $$$allowed_i$$$.

Then we can loop from $$$1$$$ to $$$n$$$ and construct $$$a_i$$$.

For $$$a_1$$$, we want to make it as small as possible, which mean we want each bit to be $$$0$$$, if possible. We can loop through all the condition $$$(1, j, x)$$$ to check which bit of $$$a_1$$$ must be $$$1$$$. Simply, if a bit is $$$1$$$ in $$$x$$$, but $$$0$$$ in $$$allowed_j$$$, then that bit must be $$$1$$$ in $$$a_1$$$.

It's easy to see that after this process, the best $$$a_1$$$ is just all the forced bits. We can then loop over the conditions $$$(1, j, x)$$$ and force the $$$1$$$ bits on $$$a_j$$$. Just repeat this to get the answer.

You can see my implementation here: 169201529. (Please excuse the weird syntax, I'm experimenting with it).

My implementation is $$$O(n + mlog(m))$$$ due to sorting the initial conditions, but $$$O(n + m)$$$ is achievable as we can do the work for all bits at once in this solution.

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19 months ago, # |
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Hello! Could you please tell the reason for contest extended? As for me, nothing was wrong, so I'm just curious. Thanks!

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    During contest many contestants expirienced issues with Bad Gateway

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19 months ago, # |
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In problem C, Can Somebody explain why to add number of segments in initial answer? i.e After adding the number of subsegments, we get the answer: 6⋅72=21,21+14=35.

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    consider any subarray with no joints ,the answer will be one; if there are x joints in a subarray, the beauty value is actually x+1; so the number 21 that you see is actually number of segments when we consider them without joints and the we add 14 to compensate for all the joints that could be considered;

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    Video Solution for Problem C and Problem D.

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19 months ago, # |
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Hello, Can someone please explain why this failed (Problem B)? 169134990

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    Your solution failed because: 1. The lower bound for s would be b * k (handled properly) 2. The upper bound for s would be b * k + n * (k — 1) (your code does not handle this properly).

    As, after setting first element to b * k, you can still add k — 1 to each element of the array.

    Counter Test Case: 1 2 3 1 6

    Correct Answer: (5, 1) or (4, 2) Your Code output: -1

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19 months ago, # |
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Hi, anybody can explain, why my solution is wrong? WA test 4 https://codeforces.com/contest/1715/submission/169168903

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    Hi! It seems like you forgot that if the ith bit of (a | b) is equal to 0, then the ith bits of both a and b must be equal to zero.

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19 months ago, # |
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An alternative randomized solution for Problem F:

Disclaimer: My solution fails on test 65, but I think it is probably an implementation error. Please correct me if this solution is just completely wrong.

The basic idea is to draw a lot of rectangles of the width of the field. Draw the first one at $$$y=0$$$ with height $$$1 \cdot \varepsilon$$$. Draw the next one at $$$y=1 + \varepsilon$$$ with height $$$2 \cdot \varepsilon$$$, and so on, each one exactly $$$1$$$ apart and $$$1 \cdot \varepsilon$$$ taller. We choose $$$\varepsilon$$$ as a very small number.

Since we have to draw one polygon we can just connect all rectangles on one side.

The square can only intersect one rectangle since they are each $$$1$$$ apart. We don't want any rectangle to only partially intersect with the square, so we offset everything by a random number between 0 and 1. This makes a partial intersection very unlikely since the height of our rectangles is very small.

With the answer to our query we can determine which rectangle the square intersects with and we know the $$$y$$$-coordinate is within the interval $$$[y_{rectangle}-1, y_{rectangle}]$$$. To determine the exact coordinate we can just query this interval and calculate $$$y$$$ with the intersection area.

We can repeat this for $$$x$$$ to get the answer in $$$2+2=4$$$ queries.

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    My solution is similar to yours. But I chose to randomly set a small value for the width of each rectangle, and fixed the interval between each rectangle to 1.

    It passed all the test points. Here it is.169490864

    I'm so sorry that I am poor in English.

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19 months ago, # |
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Can anybody tell why my solution for D doesn't pass? It has same complexity. O((n + m) * log(x)).

Here is solution: 169156511

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    I have not gone through your code, but I can tell you the Test case where it fails Counter Test Case: 2 2 1 2 7 2 2 6

    Correct Answer: 1 6 Your code output: 0 6

    I hope this would help you :)

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19 months ago, # |
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The evolution of $$$Div2$$$ $$$E$$$

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19 months ago, # |
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can someone tell the rating of the C problem ?

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    I guess somewhere around 1700...

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      19 months ago, # ^ |
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      ok thanks, it is harder than the usual Div2 C problems

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        19 months ago, # ^ |
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        Agree.I felt the same XD

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          19 months ago, # ^ |
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          Excuse me, but I'm just curious about the meaning of "XD".

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            19 months ago, # ^ |
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            see the XD by rotating your device, it is text form of laughing emoji (this one)

            Similar to ;) or :)

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        19 months ago, # ^ |
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        I think C was reasonable for Div 2 since the only major (intellectually) hard part was figuring out how to compute the cost at the start. Transitions between queries were really simple (albeit long) and didn't require much thinking.

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19 months ago, # |
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Oh no! I got the solution of F during the contest, but it only cost 2 steps.So I didn't dare to write:(

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19 months ago, # |
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A solution I thought of for E was to use a segment tree, what you would do is take the old distance and add $$$i^2$$$ to each $$$a_i$$$, doing that and taking the minimum of the array gives the answer for $$$i = 0$$$, then for moving forward from $$$i-1$$$ to $$$i$$$, you add the AP -1,-3,-5.. To the suffix and ...5,3,1 to the prefix — essentially adjusting the square terms we added. For this we of course need a segment tree that can add an AP to a range and take the minimum of all elements, can anyone confirm if that's possible? If it is can you point me to some resource?

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19 months ago, # |
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D does not require any graph theory knowledge at all.

Initially, there are $$$30n$$$ unknown bits.

We can do a first pass over the queries to find all bits $$$p$$$ and $$$q$$$ such that $$$p \mid q = 0$$$, which means $$$p = q = 0$$$. These are the only bits that must be 0 in order to satisfy the statements (you can hypothetically set all remaining bits to 1 and this will satisfy the statements, but likely will not be lexicographically least).

Then we can do a second pass over the queries to find all bits $$$p$$$ such that $$$p \mid 0 = 1$$$ or $$$p \mid p = 1$$$, which means $$$p = 1$$$. The former can arise due to forced 0 bits from the first pass, while the latter can arise from statements where $$$i = j$$$. These are the only bits that must be 1 in order to satisfy the constraints (though you can't simply turn all remaining bits into 0 this time, since our remaining equations have the form $$$p \mid q = 1$$$).

With the fixed bits out of the way, we can greedily clear all non-fixed bits of $$$a_1$$$ to 0. If any of these bits were involved in an equation of the form $$$p \mid q = 1$$$, then the other bit in the equation becomes fixed to 1 to satisfy it. We can then repeat for $$$a_2$$$ and so on.

Runtime: $$$O(m + n)$$$, with a constant 30 iterations for everything.

My Submission: 169185957 (I checked for $$$i = j$$$ and $$$p \mid q = 0$$$ while reading the statements)

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19 months ago, # |
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E is trash

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19 months ago, # |
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About C, It confuses me that where n*(n+1)/2(in the tutorial is 6*7/2)comes from?

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    In my opinion, it is easier to have an initial array filled with the same number. The initial answer is $$$n \cdot (n+1)/2$$$ since that is the number of subarrays, and each subarray will have an awesomeness of 1. After that, we only have to know how to handle the changes after each operation.

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19 months ago, # |
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when i looked at my submission after contest, i was surprised when i saw wrong answer Statement not true: (i, j, x) = (78387, 31267, 38016256)

after that i used assert to check if the limit on every bit is satisfied. to my surprise, the assert doesn't happen.

can anyone tell me why? the submission id is 169192815

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    There are $$$q$$$ statements, but your solution reads $$$n$$$ statements only.

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      19 months ago, # ^ |
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      ohhhhhh thanks!!

      when i noticed it, i really laughed out very loud

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19 months ago, # |
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In problem E, could anyone explain the Dijkstra part mentioned in the editorial? How to transfer from "ending with air travel" to "ending with a usual edge"?

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    My solution of E:

    Let's just use Dijkstra algorithm with only roads. Now repeat next thing k times:

    For each v:

    dp[new_layer][v] = min(dp[previous_layer][v], minimum_of(cost_of_flight + dp[previous_layer][from]))

    Run Dijkstra on updated distances

    Answer for vertex i after k repeats is dp[k][i]

    Submission using Li Chao tree for finding minimum_of(): 169168040

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      19 months ago, # ^ |
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      What does it mean to "Run Dijkstra on updated distances"?

      How is it different from normal Dijkstra?

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        19 months ago, # ^ |
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        It is not any different. You have some precounted distances, use them instead of INF you use usually and run usual Dijkstra

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19 months ago, # |
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Great contest! I like A,C and F personally.

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19 months ago, # |
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The system tests of problem D are too weak. Will it be retested?

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19 months ago, # |
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I used a slightly different approach to D that didn't require a seperate pass for each bit:

  • Create a weighted graph
  • For each vertex AND together the weights of all its neighbouring edges. This tells you what bits can be set for that vertex. Call this the available value for the vertex.
  • Now go through the vertexes in order. If a vertex is its own neighbour then that gives you its value. Otherwise, OR together values for each edge:
    • If the edge goes to a lower numbered vertex, include those bits that are required by the edge but are not included in the solution for the other vertex. This can be calculated as (Edge weight) AND NOT (Other vertex value)
    • If the edge goes to a higher numbered vertex, include those bits that are required by the edge but are not available for the other vertex. This can be calculated as (Edge Weight) AND NOT (Other vertex available value)

This gives each vertex its smallest possible value subject to the values given to previous vertexes, so gives the lexically smallest possible sequence of values.

See my solution 169149168

I think one could create a similar solution without creating a graph by doing two passes through the data, which might be more efficient.

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    My last comment is wrong. On the second pass one needs to go through the array values (vertexes) in order, and to know the final values of all lower numbered adjacent vertexes before calculating the value of current vertex, so this needs full adjacency information (i.e a graph).

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19 months ago, # |
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The time complexity between 169232632 and 169236193 is the same. The only difference is I scanned in increasing order instead of decreasing order. I wonder whether it is a trick to cut down time.

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19 months ago, # |
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This solution is easy for problem A.

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19 months ago, # |
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In problem E,

I'm facing a weird issue, when I initialize the distance to all the arrays with >= 1e14, it gives WA on test case = 37, otherwise, it passed all the test cases.

https://codeforces.com/contest/1715/submission/169246634

https://codeforces.com/contest/1715/submission/169246972

Can someone help me?

All that I'm changing between the two submissions is for(int i=2;i<=n;i++) dist[i] = ll(1e14);

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    [Removed, as it was an in invalid test case].

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      19 months ago, # ^ |
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      The test you provided isn't valid because $$$k$$$ must be at least $$$1$$$. In fact, when $$$k$$$ is at least $$$1$$$, taking a direct flight from $$$1$$$ to $$$n$$$ is always an option, so the answer is bounded by $$$(n - 1)^2 < 10^{10}$$$.

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    My guess is that you overflow in your HullDynamic class. ks and bs can both overflow int, and so multiplication might overflow long long:

    (x->b - y->b) * (z->m - y->m)

    UPD: Changed long longs to int128 in your HullDynamic class, AC now: 169286182

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19 months ago, # |
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Why in authors code of C.Monoblock, they used (n — (i + 1) + 1) instead of (n-i)? As both will give same answer. Why to use (n — (i + 1) + 1). (In for loop)

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What's that in C++ code for E?

for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
        for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) {
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        }
    }
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19 months ago, # |
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Can anyone help me find out why my solution didn't pass for D ?

Here's my solution: for each index 1<= i <=n, let's find the bits that must be set to zero. Now let's iterate over the array starting from the last element, for each element we will only consider the statement that include another element with smaller index. For each statement that include that element, let's set to 1 all of the bits that are set to 1 in the OR value and can be set to 1 in the current index, the other bits will be set to 1 in the other element since we can't set them in the current one.

Here is a link to my submission: https://codeforces.com/contest/1715/submission/169171341

Any help will be more than appreciated.

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    Simple counter:

    3 2
    1 2 1
    2 3 1
    

    Your code gives 0 1 1, answer should be 0 1 0.

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19 months ago, # |
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Problem F: Life will be harder if the query polygon must have all of its points lying inside the field. (This is the problem statement came from my misunderstood :)).

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19 months ago, # |
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rockstar_an is the best, thanks to him I'm an Expert.

PS : He is my dad :)

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Problem F is brilliant! Liked it very much :)

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19 months ago, # |
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Can anyone help me find out why my solution didn't pass for D ?

I think I have written as what have been talked in blog. I have tried to fix it, but I failed.

My submission:169346279

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19 months ago, # |
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I disagree with Advice #0. You should always consider risk of wasting time on implementation of solution. And thinking about proof and trying to prove may save you from that.

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19 months ago, # |
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For those who 1715E - Long Way Home for some reason don't understand why this thing can be applied here: within min first square component may be considered as parameter and second square term can be extracted from min because it's being constant in query.

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19 months ago, # |
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Could anyone help me find why this submission https://codeforces.com/contest/1715/submission/169450718 which is O(32(m+n)) gets TLE but https://codeforces.com/contest/1715/submission/169452067 which could be O(32 * 32(m+n)) passes? The only difference is that I changed from a two-dimension vector to one-dimension vector, where bit information are added in edges instead of one-bit-one-graph. I have been thinking for the whole night. Thx...

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19 months ago, # |
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In author solution for problem E why is it: while (ll.size() >= 2 && l.intersect(ll[ll.size() — 2]) <= x.back())

and not: while (ll.size() >= 2 && l.intersect(ll[ll.size() — 2]) >= x.back())

won't the authors solution remove lines from the Convex Hull that actualy need to be in it.

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    19 months ago, # ^ |
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    Figured it out.. brain fart

    We are searching for Min not Max .

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17 months ago, # |
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Interestingly, D has similar idea to https://codeforces.com/problemset/problem/1594/D, but you have to do it 30 times

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8 months ago, # |
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I solved problem C with segtree
https://codeforces.com/contest/1715/submission/215391566
I solved a harder problem actually, I can query any segment and find its required value.

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    8 months ago, # ^ |
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    There is a small typo in your template, it's "WEIRD" not "WIERD". Please fix it as it might cause denial of judgement verdicts.

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8 months ago, # |
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Can someone help with C, I can't understand the explanation of how we count the sum of beauties of subarrays(answer) using this "the sum of beauties over subsegments is equal to the sum over all joints of the number of subsegments containing a particular joint, plus the number of all subsegments." Why does it work?