Radewoosh's blog

By Radewoosh, history, 4 months ago, ,
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 » 4 months ago, # |   0 thanks for the tutorial!How to split sequence into |LIS| decreasing sequence in E?
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +41 We'll use the "standard" LIS algorithm with binary searching: sweep through the array, and maintain an array of dp[l] = min(A[i] s.t. there's an increasing sequence of length l ending at A[i]).When we see a new value A[k], we binary search and find the maximum length l such that dp[l] < A[k]; then we know there's an increasing sequence of length l+1 ending at A[k]. Also, l is maximal, so dp[l+1] > A[k], so we should update dp[l+1] = A[k].Now, note that the sequence over time of values of dp[l] is decreasing. Thus, these are precisely a partition of the permutation into |LIS| decreasing subsequences, so we can store a vector for each dp[l], and get the subsequences.
•  » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   -6 But why is its running time
•  » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 The running time of the LIS algorithm is only , but we have to run it times because we're slowly removing one LIS at a time.
•  » » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 thanks
 » 4 months ago, # |   +12 where does the Youtube tutorial go? :/
 » 4 months ago, # |   +15 For 1097D why is the result multiplicative?
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +44 If you calculate the expected value for a given n with k = 1 (one step), you see that the answer is simply σ1(n) / σ0(n), where σ1(n) denotes the sum of divisors of n and σ0(n) the number of divisors.It's well known that σ1 and σ0 are multiplicative functions (and easy to prove indeed). So, it's easy to see from there using induction that the function is multiplicative.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   0 I wasn't sure when I was in the contest, so I used DFS to search all the divisors of n, the complexity is correct.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +5 E[f(X)g(Y)] = E[f(X)]×E[g(Y)], if X and Y are independent. Here exponents of each prime divisor of N are independent of each other, and E(.) denotes the expectation value.
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 can anyone help me with problem B
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   0 Since the constrains are small, u can apply brute force, a simple approach is that for every given angle u can consider rotating it either clockwise(+) or anti-clockwise(-). Do it for all the angles in the array and keep summing them, if in one of the ways u get a final sum(after one complete traversal of array) which is divisible by 360, then output 'yes' other wise if non of the ways satisfy the condition sum%360==0 then output 'no'. There are total 2^15 ways(maximum) of obtaining the final sum. Refer to my solution for more clarity. https://codeforces.com/contest/1097/submission/47914337
•  » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 Thank you
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 How to calculate dp(k,j) in problem D.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   0 sum ( dp(k -1,j + i) * (1 / (j + i + 1)) ), i goes from 0 to (p -j). Not sure though
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0
 » 4 months ago, # |   +16 In my opinion, posting fast such editorials without tutorials of some task is muuuch betterIt gives time for problemsetter to write missing ones clearly and others an oportunity to read available parts and try to understand them
 » 4 months ago, # | ← Rev. 2 →   0 in problem c " The task is to connect some of them into ordered pairs so that each bracket sequence occurs in at most one pair and the concatenation of the bracket sequences in each pair is a correct bracket sequence". Can someone explain me the solution of c in context of the bold statement above.if we want each bracket sequence occur in at most one pair then how is the editorial solution is correct. for ex if sequences given are : "((,)),)())" then solution according to the editorial will be 1 but there will be one sequence left with no pair which violates the condition in the bold statement.Can someone clarify my doubt
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 At most one means zero or one.
•  » » » 2 months ago, # ^ |   0 Can you please explain for problem C , how to get pair (a,b) in a single loop, as hinted in the tutorial ?[ where a and b are the minimal non-negative integers such that after adding a opening parentheses "(" to the left of the string and b closing parentheses ")" to the right of the string it becomes a correct bracket sequence.]
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 For 1097B, how to solve it if N is bigger?
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +1 like this:47957456it is O(nk) and can be O(nk / 32) if you use bitset
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +10
•  » » 3 months ago, # ^ |   0 If you understand, please tell me the solution
 » 4 months ago, # |   -7 How to solve G?I came up with an idea that we can calculate the number of ways to choose k edge(s) from n-1 total edges, and for each way we calculate the number of the set of vertices which satisfies the condition(for every edge we chosen, there is at least one vertex(in the set) in both sides of the edge).And that is the answer. Maybe can use DP on tree to solve it.Because f(S)^k <--> choose k edge(s), that's equivalent.Am I right?sry for my poor English, wish you can understand me...
•  » » 3 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   +7 My idea is similar but not same with yours.First we can use Stirling number to split power into several falling factorial，e.gf(S)^k=sum{i=1...k}S(k,i)f(S)_(i)，where x_(i)=x(x-1)...(x-i+1)=C(x,i)i!then we should compute sum C(f(S),i), for every 1<=i<=k.this is equivalent to choose i egdes and sum the number of sets valid(that means f(X) includes these edges).then we can DP with dp(i,j) means choose j edges in i's subtree, and each egde chosen has at least one node of its subtree in the vertex set. and then the answer is dp(1,i) minus unvalid ways, the latter is only possible when (j-1) edges are all in the other's subtree(and no vertex outside this subtree is in the set). you can enumerate the "highest" edge, and the ways of this can be easily gotten use dp values.
 » 4 months ago, # |   +31 I think problem C somehow matches to 990C - Конкатенация скобочных последовательностей of previous codeforces contest ....
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +7 Same feeling...
 » 4 months ago, # |   +12 Could someone mind explaining to me why this solution for problem E doesn't work?My approach is the same as described in editorial, except that I remove from list the maximum between LIS and LDS.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   +8 Unfortunately, that's just not efficient enough. That solution gives you sequences, but you need around .The key to the solution is that, if the LIS isn't long enough, we take the entire set of decreasing subsequences, not just the longest decreasing subsequence. Note that in general, repeatedly removing the longest/last decreasing subsequence doesn't give you the minimum cover: consider 3 0 4 2 1: you might want to take 3 2 1, but the only minimal cover is 3 0 and 4 2 1.
•  » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 Hmmm I'm still not fully sure I understand since at every single step I take the max between LIS and LDS, then shouldn't that mean that at least one of LDS or LIS should have size bigger K, for the case mentioned my code would work since if it takes 321 as LDS, then it would find 04 as LIS on the next step.
•  » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +8 I don't have a case on hand which breaks it. Unfortunately, it's not true that either the LDS or the LIS has size at least K: see the sequence 3 6 9 2 5 8 1 4 7: both the LIS and LDS have size 3, but K = 4.
•  » » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 But in that case 3 is fine, because its length is 9, not 10 and 6 is doable in 3
•  » » » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +15 For N = 9, you need to solve it using 3 sequences. N = 6 only guarantees 3 additional sequences, so 9 — 3 = 6 isn't good enough.If you want a larger case, the corresponding sequence for N = 25 has a similar issue: you can only remove 5 vertices from 5 10 15 20 25 4 9 14 19 24 3 8 13 18 23 2 7 12 17 22 1 6 11 16 21
•  » » » » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 My bad
•  » » » » » 3 months ago, # ^ |   0 So I get what you mean which is that in the worst case you will find that LIS and LDS are both sqrt(N), so its possible that there is some sequence where by taking sqrt(N) every time instead of sqrt(2*N) it will require more iterations :SIt just seems very hard to find such case...I tried to find a test which breaks my solution so I ran a program which tested all 9! permutations for N=9 in my code and all of them passed with K<=3, so if there is a case that breaks it it's at least N=13...Also, do you have any idea on how you would demonstrate that the complexity of my proposed solution is 2*sqrt(N)? I did a this very simple code, and it plots approx 2*sqrt(N), but I don't know how to demonstrate it formally: function f(N) { // 10=> 4, 100=>16, 10000=>193, 1000000=>1990 var ret=0; while(N) { N-=Math.ceil(Math.sqrt(N)); ret++; } return ret; } After adding the condition if len
•  » » » » » » 3 months ago, # ^ |   +8 My submission failed on test 9, which had permutations of size ~25. Maybe try permutations like that?
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 Hey I need some explanation for problem D, how to calculate the DP states, otherwise the solution is understandable.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +4
•  » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   +8 Thank you very much.
 » 4 months ago, # |   +3 Can anyone explain in problem F Inclusion-exclusion. I don't understand the moment, that (i / x) is square-free.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   +18 Inclusion-exclusion for the problem above explained: https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/51755?#comment-356983 the formula using mobius is in the editorial (it's the same thing)
•  » » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   +3 I solved it :)Thnanks!
 » 4 months ago, # | ← Rev. 3 →   -49 Er
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 can anyone explain how to calculate dp[k][j]? I find it hard because dont we have to calculate gcd between dp[k][j] and p^j??
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 3 →   +18 ,because any t can be 0 ~ t with equal probability after an operation. You can notice that , so you can calculate it in O(α k).
 » 4 months ago, # |   +13 May be this is my personal problem, but the value of k was misleading for me, if it was 106 imo it will be better. For this value of k I wrote dp solution without knowledge of multiplicative function and it was very close to tl (about 3s on maxtest). When I wasted a lot of time I finally wrote correct solution, but this is D on div1+div2, so such trap is not good.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 Actually I was a little afraid of having TLE even with correct solution. It was O(k log^2 n) with multiplications and modules. When I checked how long it takes on maxtest (2^something) it turned out it is quick, but it's not like k could have been increased significantly ... unless you would like to require binary exponentiation of matrices ;)
•  » » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 4 →   0 Hm, actually complexity equals , not
•  » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 Ah yes, you're right. I mean, my code has log^2, but it is trivial to improve that, but I didn't realize since it was sufficient.
•  » » » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 I think if you calculate with it's , if you calculate with it's , isn't it?
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 In problem D, can someone please explain the recurrence of the DP.
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0
 » 4 months ago, # |   +2 Anyone knows of any other problem similar to problem D?
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 in C ..how can we find out the values of a and b in single loop...thanks in advance
 » 4 months ago, # | ← Rev. 4 →   0 Anyone help me please with problem DLet f(n, k) — the math expectation of result on blackboard after k steps So, obviouslyf(n, 1) = (1 / s) * (sum(d_j))f(n, k) = (1 / s) * (sum(f(d_j, k — 1)))d_j — number through divisors sets — divisors number of nwhy this approach is wrong? also don't understand why function from solution is multiplicative
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 In problem F, I dont understand why operation 3 is bitiwse AND ?
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 If you have A[i] and B[i] multiples of i, there will be A[i] * B[i] multiples of i after taking gcd of all pairs. Also, multiplication mod 2 is &.
•  » » » 4 months ago, # ^ |   0 Thx!
 » 4 months ago, # |   +7 Please link this editorial to contest.
 » 4 months ago, # |   0 For the third Question, how did you handle the condition of " maximum number of pairs".
 » 4 months ago, # |   +16 Hint for G?
•  » » 4 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   +23 It's something about Stirling Numbers of the second kind. Where S(k,i) is the Stirling Number. And ... It become a DP problem. My code:https://codeforces.com/contest/1097/submission/48029930
 » 3 months ago, # |   +53 I wrote a tutorial of problem G. https://codeforces.com/blog/entry/64367
 » 3 months ago, # |   0 The first editorial is formatted so much better than the second. Thank you for both, though! :D
 » 3 months ago, # | ← Rev. 2 →   0 For problem E, how to guarantee this partition which calculates the smallest k(Ah...I make a mistake, just forget the problem above
 » 3 months ago, # |   0 hey where can i find solution to these problems so that i can improve my implementaion skills? plzz help.
 » 3 months ago, # |   0 Perhaps irrelevant, but is there a sequence on OEIS for the term f(n) in problem E?
 » 3 months ago, # | ← Rev. 2 →   0 why in problem C, about brackets, answer is 2, but not 3? 7 )()) ) (( (( ( ) ) 
•  » » 3 months ago, # ^ |   0 How would you pair up the strings? I can guarantee that you only find 2 pairs, therefore the answer is 2.
•  » » » 3 months ago, # ^ |   0 like this one 3 (( )()) 1 5 ( ) 2 4 (( ) ) 6 7 
•  » » » » 3 months ago, # ^ |   +12 "The task is to connect some of them into ordered pairs so that each bracket sequence occurs in at most one pair and the concatenation of the bracket sequences in each pair is a correct bracket sequence."You are not allowed to combine 3 strings. So 4 6 7 is not valid.
•  » » » 3 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 2 →   +8 sorry, I think I got it, there it says pairs, then 3rd option is not validThanks for reply.
 » 3 months ago, # |   +32 soon™
 » 3 months ago, # |   0 Why are the editorials not linked with questions nowadays?
 » 3 months ago, # | ← Rev. 3 →   +28 Seriously, what is the record for the latest tutorial for some problem? We're close to three weeks now.
•  » » 3 months ago, # ^ | ← Rev. 3 →   +29 Let me guess, Radewoosh is still enjoying the New Year, so he hasn't uploaded the editorial yet
 » 2 months ago, # | ← Rev. 2 →   0 In F,"instead of storing the parity of numbers equal to x, store the parity of numbers divisible by x." Is it divisible by X or divisors of X??